(a) If you elect to demonstrate compliance with a SO2 emissions standard according to § 60.4333a(d)(2), the fuel analyses may be performed either by you, a service contractor retained by you, the fuel vendor, or any other qualified agency as determined by the Administrator or delegated authority using the sampling frequency specified in § 60.4370a.

(b) Representative fuel analysis samples may be collected either by an automatic sampling system or manually. For automatic sampling, follow ASTM D5287-97 (Reapproved 2002) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) for gaseous fuels or ASTM D4177-95 (Reapproved 2000) (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17) for liquid fuels. For reference purposes when manually collecting gaseous samples, see Gas Processors Association Standard 2166-17 (incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). For reference purposes when manually collecting liquid samples, see either Gas Processors Association Standard 2174-14 or the procedures for manual pipeline sampling in section 14 of ASTM D4057-95 (Reapproved 2000) (both of which are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).

(c) Each collected fuel analysis sample must be analyzed for the total sulfur content of the fuel and heating value using the methods specified in paragraph (c)(1) or (2) of this section, as applicable to the fuel type.

(1) For the sulfur content of liquid fuels, ASTM D129-00 (Reapproved 2005), or alternatively D1266-98 (Reapproved 2003), D1552-03, D2622-05, D4294-03, D5453-05, D5623-24, or D7039-24 (all of which are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). For the heating value of liquid fuels, ASTM D240-19 or D4809-18 (both of which are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17); or

(2) For the sulfur content of gaseous fuels, ASTM D1072-90 (Reapproved 1999), or alternatively D3246-05, D4468-85 (Reapproved 2000), D6667-04, or D5504-20 (all of which are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17). If the total sulfur content of the gaseous fuel during the most recent compliance demonstration was less than half the applicable standard, ASTM D4084-05, D4810-88 (Reapproved 1999), D5504-20, or D6228-98 (Reapproved 2003), or Gas Processors Association Standard 2140-17 or 2377-86 (all of which are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17), which measure the major sulfur compounds, may be used. For the heating value of gaseous fuels, ASTM D1826-94 (Reapproved 2003), or alternatively D3588-98 (Reapproved 2003), D4891-89 (Reapproved 2006), or Gas Processors Association Standard 2172-09 (all of which are incorporated by reference, see § 60.17).