Code of Federal Regulations > Title 45 > Chapter XXV > Part 2554 - PART 2554—PROGRAM FRAUD CIVIL REMEDIES ACT REGULATIONS

U.S. Code of Federal Regulations

Regulations most recently checked for updates: Jan 21, 2026

OVERVIEW AND DEFINITIONS

§ 2554.1 - Overview of regulations.

§ 2554.2 - What kind of conduct will result in program fraud enforcement?

§ 2554.3 - What is a claim?

§ 2554.4 - What is a statement?

§ 2554.5 - What is a false claim or statement?

§ 2554.6 - What does the phrase “know or have reason to know” mean?

PROCEDURES LEADING TO ISSUANCE OF A COMPLAINT

§ 2554.7 - Who investigates program fraud?

§ 2554.8 - What happens if program fraud is suspected?

§ 2554.9 - Who is the Corporation's authority head?

§ 2554.10 - When will the Corporation issue a complaint?

§ 2554.11 - What is contained in a complaint?

§ 2554.12 - How will the complaint be served?

PROCEDURES FOLLOWING SERVICE OF A COMPLAINT

§ 2554.13 - How does a defendant respond to the complaint?

§ 2554.14 - What happens if a defendant fails to file an answer?

§ 2554.15 - What happens once an answer is filed?

HEARING PROVISIONS

§ 2554.16 - What kind of hearing is contemplated?

§ 2554.17 - At the hearing, what rights do the parties have?

§ 2554.18 - What is the role of the ALJ?

§ 2554.19 - Can the reviewing official or ALJ be disqualified?

§ 2554.20 - How are issues brought to the attention of the ALJ?

§ 2554.21 - How are papers served?

§ 2554.22 - How is time computed?

§ 2554.23 - What happens during a prehearing conference?

§ 2554.24 - What rights are there to review documents?

§ 2554.25 - What type of discovery is authorized and how is it conducted?

§ 2554.26 - Are there limits on disclosure of documents or discovery?

§ 2554.27 - Are witness lists exchanged before the hearing?

§ 2554.28 - Can witnesses be subpoenaed?

§ 2554.29 - Who pays the costs for a subpoena?

§ 2554.30 - Are protective orders available?

§ 2554.31 - Where is the hearing held?

§ 2554.32 - How will the hearing be conducted and who has the burden of proof?

§ 2554.33 - How is evidence presented at the hearing?

§ 2554.34 - How is witness testimony presented?

§ 2554.35 - Will the hearing proceedings be recorded?

§ 2554.36 - Can a party informally discuss the case with the ALJ?

§ 2554.37 - Are there sanctions for misconduct?

§ 2554.38 - Are post-hearing briefs required?

DECISIONS AND APPEALS

§ 2554.39 - How is the case decided?

§ 2554.40 - How are penalty and assessment amounts determined?

§ 2554.41 - Can a party request reconsideration of the initial decision?

§ 2554.42 - When does the initial decision of the ALJ become final?

§ 2554.43 - What are the procedures for appealing the ALJ decision?

§ 2554.44 - What happens if an initial decision is appealed?

§ 2554.45 - Are there any limitations on the right to appeal to the authority head?

§ 2554.46 - How does the authority head dispose of an appeal?

§ 2554.47 - What judicial review is available?

§ 2554.48 - Can the administrative complaint be settled voluntarily?

§ 2554.49 - How are civil penalties and assessments collected?

§ 2554.50 - What happens to collections?

§ 2554.51 - What if the investigation indicates criminal misconduct?

§ 2554.52 - How does the Corporation protect the rights of defendants?